Flashes and floaters are most commonly experienced when the vitreous gel separates from the retina. This separation of the vitreous from the retina is called a Posterior Vitreous Detachment or PVD.

A PVD is a normal part of the aging process, usually occurring between the ages of 60 and 80. Separation of the vitreous can be at a younger age in nearsighted patients, or those with a history of inflammation, surgery or trauma to the eye.  Most people who experience a PVD are suddenly aware of new floaters.  Floaters are caused by the now contracted and separated vitreous floating visibly in front of the retina. These floaters are often quite large, and unlike floaters that the patient may have previously experienced.  People often describe floaters as being like cobwebs, fruit flies, or a “smear” in the vision which moves about.  In addition to new floaters, some patients experience flashing lights as a symptom of PVD. Flashing lights occur due to the vitreous pulling on the retina.  Flashes are typically described as lightning bolts off to the side, or “sparklers”. Some patients have flashing lights without new floaters.  Most people over time adapt to new floaters although it is possible to surgically remove them in severe cases.

Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Vitreous Pulling on Retina Causing Flashes and Floaters